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Abstract
The presence of psychosocial distress experiences among minority men diagnosed with Prostate Cancer are more likely reported in comparison to their White counterparts. Critical efforts are needed to further explore how psychosocial distress experiences affect Prostate Cancer outcomes through distinct racial/ethnic subpopulations. This study aims to (1) Identify and analyze patient-reported psychosocial distress experiences among minority men diagnosed with PCa in the U.S.; (2) Examine factors associated with the presence of psychosocial distress among minority men diagnosed with PCa from nationally representative database. This is both a systematic review and retrospective cross-sectional study that examined data from 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Participants were included if they were ≥ 45 and self-reported having a history of Prostate Cancer Diagnosis. Guided by the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), the review methodology was structured. Studies included in the first study were peer-reviewed articles, English-language written, conducted in the U.S. between 2014 and 2024, and addressed the following topics: Psychosocial Distress; Prostate Cancer; racial subgroups identified as African American/Black, Hispanic/Latino/Latinx, or Asian, subjects ≥ 45; and subjects identified as male. Using the Biopsychosocial Model, latent indicators were uniquely categorized under domains (comorbidities, limited access to healthcare, lack of preventative services, reaction to race, and health risk behaviors) with the second study. Additionally, sociodemographic factors were simultaneously assessed (gender, age, level of income, education, employment, marital status, and region of residence). Outcome variables included frequence of psychosocial distress experiences (mental unhealthy days, social support, and stress). Results from the two studies highlight tailored support services, robust social support networks, regular physical activity, and interventions needed to bridge quality-of-life disparities in optimizing PCa care. Additionally, culturally appropriate interventions are needed to address unmet needs beyond the clinical profile – particularly in Black men systemic barriers and medical mistrust, Hispanic men linguistic barriers and overcompensation of family care, and Asian men underrepresentation in PCa research. Further research is needed to explore the role of psychosocial distress experiences and prostate cancer among vulnerable populations, not limited by race/ethnic background, to reduce cancer health disparities and employ culturally tailored interventions.