Mosquito-borne diseases pose a threat to urban populations around the world. The process of urbanization involves changes to the biophysical, ecological, and socio-political landscape, all of which have important implications for mosquito populations and the diseases they vector. In this dissertation, I apply an integrative approach to explore how spatial patterns in urban landscapes may translate to spatial patterns in mosquito-borne disease by considering urbanization through an interdisciplinary lens. I considered the effects of microclimate, specifically temperature, on mosquito abundance, dengue transmission, and competitive interactions between two invasive mosquito species using an ecological approach. Then, I consider this question from an approach grounded in political ecology, aiming to understand the socio-political context in which urbanization happens for a more in-depth understanding of mosquito-borne disease.