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Abstract
This dissertation studies the design principles of low-cost scalable medical devices for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation via smartphone, wireless sensors, and 3D-printing technologies.
Image-guided therapy (IGT) combines medical imaging and robotic devices for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in an accurate and minimally invasive manner. Compared to conventional open surgery, potential benefits of the IGT include targeted diagnosis and treatment, minimally invasiveness, shorter hospitalization, lower surgical risks, and, therefore, faster recovery times for the patients. To enhance dexterity and visualization during the procedures, technologists have developed robotic systems as a way to provide targeting precision. However, robotic surgeries could be limited by its prolonged workflow, extended training requirements, and the high capital and maintenance costs. In comparison, small assistive devices have advantages over the cost, usability, and adaptation to the clinical environment.
The aim of this dissertation is to explore the use of smartphone applications, wireless sensors, and 3D-printing to develop low-cost scalable medical devices for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. The research outcome would balance the technology scalability, clinical usability, and technical novelty that optimize the cost, accuracy, and user experience.
In this study, five medical devices were designed in different versions as case studies of low-cost scalable medical technologies that spanned in a wide range of clinical applications and shared the design principles: 1) 3D-printing reduces fabrication cost for medical devices and provides a customized solution for individual patients; 2) smartphone applications provide real-time tracking and visualization information of the medical instruments; 3) wireless sensors and the supported setup allow synchronous, remote data acquisition, transfer, and analysis.
Anthropomorphic organ phantoms, animal cadaver, live animal, and human studies were conducted to evaluate and validate the performance of the developed devices. The design presents only a small fraction of the costs of their robotic counterparts while delivering comparable accuracy, efficacy, and a streamlined workflow. This dissertation presents knowledge in the field of medical devices by offering low-cost scalable solutions for designs used for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.
INDEX WORDS: Image-guided Therapy, Percutaneous, 3D-printing, Micro-Electromechanical System (MEMS), Smartphone Application, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Rehabilitation
Image-guided therapy (IGT) combines medical imaging and robotic devices for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in an accurate and minimally invasive manner. Compared to conventional open surgery, potential benefits of the IGT include targeted diagnosis and treatment, minimally invasiveness, shorter hospitalization, lower surgical risks, and, therefore, faster recovery times for the patients. To enhance dexterity and visualization during the procedures, technologists have developed robotic systems as a way to provide targeting precision. However, robotic surgeries could be limited by its prolonged workflow, extended training requirements, and the high capital and maintenance costs. In comparison, small assistive devices have advantages over the cost, usability, and adaptation to the clinical environment.
The aim of this dissertation is to explore the use of smartphone applications, wireless sensors, and 3D-printing to develop low-cost scalable medical devices for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. The research outcome would balance the technology scalability, clinical usability, and technical novelty that optimize the cost, accuracy, and user experience.
In this study, five medical devices were designed in different versions as case studies of low-cost scalable medical technologies that spanned in a wide range of clinical applications and shared the design principles: 1) 3D-printing reduces fabrication cost for medical devices and provides a customized solution for individual patients; 2) smartphone applications provide real-time tracking and visualization information of the medical instruments; 3) wireless sensors and the supported setup allow synchronous, remote data acquisition, transfer, and analysis.
Anthropomorphic organ phantoms, animal cadaver, live animal, and human studies were conducted to evaluate and validate the performance of the developed devices. The design presents only a small fraction of the costs of their robotic counterparts while delivering comparable accuracy, efficacy, and a streamlined workflow. This dissertation presents knowledge in the field of medical devices by offering low-cost scalable solutions for designs used for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.
INDEX WORDS: Image-guided Therapy, Percutaneous, 3D-printing, Micro-Electromechanical System (MEMS), Smartphone Application, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Rehabilitation