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Abstract
Objective: A criterion problem in the measurement of narcissism has prevented the development of a comprehensive structural model. Understanding narcissism’s underlying factor structure is necessary for precise measurement and investigation of its specific psychological and behavioral processes. The study aims to develop a comprehensive structural model of narcissism. Method: Participants recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (N = 591) completed 303 narcissism items encompassing 46 narcissism scales and subscales. Criterion variables measuring the Five Factor Model, self-esteem, aggression, and externalizing behavior were also collected. Results: Factor analyses reveal the factor structure of narcissism at a range of specificities. No more than five meaningful factors (i.e., Grandiosity, Neuroticism, Antagonism, Distrustful Self-reliance, Attention-seeking) were identified. Narcissism scales that effectively capture each factor are identified. Factors diverged in their associations with criterion variables. Discussion: A three-factor model (i.e., Agentic Extraversion, Neuroticism, Antagonism) seems to be the most parsimonious conceptualization. Larger factor solutions are discussed, but future research will be necessary to determine their value.