With dwindling aquifers, drought, and soil erosion across the globe, superabsorbent hydrogels (HGs) could be an essential tool for the development of sustainable agriculture. Benefits of amending soils with these three-dimensional water-absorbing polymers include increased water holding capacity, improved retention of fertilizers, and strengthened pore network. The first objective of this study was to determine the interaction of two superabsorbent HGs with urea or ammonium sulfate on pH, urea hydrolysis, nitrification, and soil respiration. The results showed that HGs helped release nitrogen from fertilizers and increased soil respiration. The second objective of this research was to investigate the effects of two HGs on the soil pore network and swelling of three different soils. These results showed that HGs helped to improve the soil pore network; however, there was an increase in soil structural stability in soils amended with a cellulose-based HG that was not observed with the polyacrylate HG.