Population aggregation during the Late Neolithic on the Great Hungarian Plain led to several major developments, including land-use change and community growth. This thesis builds off past research to investigate the relationship between hydrological conditions and settlement development at the Herpály tell site of Csökmő-Káposztás-domb. The use of methods including excavation, survey, radiocarbon dating, and remote sensing with a focus on GIS has illustrated the extent of the paleohydrology at Csökmő-Káposztás-domb as well as the range of human’s alterations to the landscape. This thesis demonstrates that hydrological conditions did not negatively impact the growth of the site, but rather the settlement developed and grew in congruence with rivers.