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Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) is a retrovirus known for causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There is no cure for HIV-1, only antiretroviral therapies (ART) that suppress HIV-1 infection in the body, making the virus undetectable and untransmissible between patients on ART. There are many side effects to ART and long-term HIV infection, one being chronic residual immune activation, a major cause of morbidity in AIDS patients. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been confirmed to control postnatal transmission of HIV-1, but their effect on adult HIV-1 infection is not known. Lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFP III) is an HMO capable of producing anti-inflammatory mediators, shifting the immune response away from inflammation. This study looks at anti-viral activity of LNFP III on HIV infection in adult macrophages. In looking at viral replication, binding, internalization, and Beta-chemokine levels, LNFP III demonstrates anti-viral activity against HIV-1infection in adult macrophages, and further research should be conducted.