Files
Abstract
Given the influential nature of a child’s early language environment on their future language outcomes, it is important to explore the specific linguistic features, contexts, and materials that contribute to diverse and meaningful language exposure. This within-subjects experimental study explored how play condition influences parent language input during parent-child play interactions. Play conditions included (1) traditional toys, (2) electronic toys, (3) picture books, and (4) functional and emerging pretend play. Parent language quantity and lexical diversity were highest in the picture book condition, followed by the traditional toy condition, the functional and emerging pretend play condition, and the electronic toy condition. Referential language was the most frequently used pragmatic function across all conditions, with the highest proportion in the picture book condition. Findings suggest that books and traditional toys foster richer language interactions, highlighting the importance of play materials in shaping children’s language exposure and supporting early language development.