The Gulf Sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) historically occurred across the northern Gulf of Mexico from the Mississippi River to Tampa Bay. Overfishing and habitat destruction led to extirpation from some rivers; the species now occurs in seven systems, including the Apalachicola River in Florida. From 2013–2020, University of Georgia researchers have estimated annual recruitment of Gulf Sturgeon in that river. The first objective of this study was to quantify recruitment in 2021–2022 using capture-mark-recapture methods. In 2021, annual recruitment was 139 individuals (95% CI: 100–209), and in 2022 recruitment was 161 individuals (95% CI: 136–197). The second objective was to investigate several hypothesized relationships between recruitment from 2013–2022 and hydrologic conditions. We found annual recruitment to be positively correlated to discharge levels that result in floodplain inundation from July through August (R2adj = 0.60). These results have implications for how flow is managed to improve recovery of Gulf Sturgeon populations in the Apalachicola River.