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Abstract
This study investigates the environmental and ornamental significance of Salvia coccinea and Salvia splendens, two commercially profitable and ecologically beneficial flowering annuals. Three cultivars of Salvia spp. were genetically altered by applying a chemical mutagen, focusing on chromosome doubling and developing novel cultivars. The study employs a controlled experimental design with multiple treatment groups: a control, 1-day treatment, 2-day treatment, 3-day treatment, and 6-day treatment. Surflan™ or oryzalin (4-(Dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide) and the nonionic surfactant SilEnergy™ were applied through a diluted spray to induce mutations. Data was collected through physical observations and analysis via a CytoFLEX™ cytometer. Ploidy change was achieved in specimens across all the treatment groups. Novel traits were identified, ranging from growth habits to floral pigmentation variations. The findings of this research have practical implications for plant breeders, landscape architects, horticulturists, and environmental researchers. The results contribute to the development of novel cultivars for the ornamental plant market.