In the rapidly urbanizing regions of South and Southeast Asia, the intricate balance between developing cities, informal economies, and mounting plastic pollution presents various regional and global challenges. These challenges are increasingly visible and urgent, demanding immediate attention. These comprehensive studies delve into the multifaceted challenges of plastic waste management in South and Southeast Asia. By examining case studies from India, Indonesia, The Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam, this body of work not only elucidates the crucial role of informal waste collectors but also highlights their significant contribution to managing plastic waste. The impact of locally-led initiatives and the potential of satellite-based technologies in addressing plastic pollution are illustrated. This research covers ground-level investigations of waste collectors’ daily operations to macro-level analyses of plastic accumulation patterns across urban landscapes. It highlights the disproportionate effects of plastic pollution in rapidly expanding cities in the region, particularly in marginalized communities, while showcasing innovative approaches to plastic waste reduction and management. The potential of satellite-based technologies offers transformative tools in this complex issue, providing new ways of understanding and addressing plastic pollution. By synthesizing quantitative, qualitative, and geospatial data, this work connects policymakers, local communities, and the informal sector via evidence-based guidance for targeted interventions. Ultimately, this work emphasizes the urgency of tackling plastic pollution ”upstream” and advocates for collaborative industry and community-driven solutions beyond waste management. It aims to foster transparency and accountability to pave the way for more resilient and equitable cities that strive for a circular economy.