Aflatoxin is a toxic, carcinogenic secondary metabolite produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Current methods of mitigation involve post-harvest management, but genetic sources of resistance to aflatoxin in peanut would be invaluable for the health of billions of people. To find sources of resistance, parents of two MAGIC populations were screened for aflatoxin resistance and drought tolerance through rain-out shelter field testing and in vitro inoculation. A non-destructive, single-seed method of aflatoxin quantification using spectroscopy is being developed as an additional testing procedure. Through in vitro inoculation of lines from biparental populations selected for putative resistance quantitative trait loci, potential resistant lines were identified. Further evaluation of biparental and MAGIC population lines should unearth genotypes with resistance, which will protect people worldwide from exposure to a lethal toxin.