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Abstract

Purpose. Parent-child communications on sex, sexuality, and/or HIV/AIDS are anxiety causing events for both parents and children. Studies show that these communications can effectively decrease early pregnancies, delay sexual debut, and increase safer sex practices and behaviors among heterosexual teenagers. However, there are no studies that have explicitly explored parent-child communications with self-identified out gay males. Method. A singular one-on-one participant telephone or face-to-face interview, ranging between 45-90 minutes, was conducted with N = 14 unique self-identified out gay males ages (Ra) 18-30, which asked them to retrospectively recall their parent-child communications on sex, sexuality, and/or HIV. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data analyses were conducted using the iterative inductive and deductive procedures associated with thematic analysis. Identified themes and codes were then discussed with N = 3 participants taken from the larger pool of participants. Findings. Results showed that the average age of coming out was 16 years of age, which was in par with the national average. Participants: a) had higher education levels, b) identified mainly as Atheist/Agnostics, and c) came from diverse educational and religious backgrounds. White cohort participants had conversations later than Black/African Americans and Hispanics, however, Hispanics spoke more about sex and/or sexuality than Black/African and White cohorts despite being the hardest subgroup to recruit. After coming out, some conversations: a) got worse, b) stayed the same, or c) improved. Conversations ranged in content from poor (e.g., abrupt, one time) to excellent (e.g., continuous, inclusive of the sexuality spectrum, age appropriate). Six major themes throughout the conversations included: a) reasons for the conversations, b) coming out, c) sexual orientation, d) sexual behavior, e) HIV knowledge, and f) prevention. These themes provided the context used to answer the three overarching research questions guiding this study. Conclusion. Parent child communications were indeed effective in priming improved sexual behavior and practices, improved mental health, self-esteem, and developed sexual identity. However, parents of gay men often ignored conversations regarding HIV, as it often made HIV a reality that they the parents did not want to address. This study offered some recommendations to make the parent-child communications less awkward. Additional studies are needed with this population.

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