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Abstract
This dissertation investigates the complicated interplay of white supremacist thought, nationalist politics, and segregationist impulses that influenced everyday whites to support racial hierarchies. The Jim Crow South and Third Reich won support by making a variety of appeals to the realization of privileged and stable futures that everyday people hoped to achieve. Both Hitler and Jim Crow puts the U.S. South into conversation with the south-German state of Bavaria as two sites that had thoroughly realized racialized inequality. Many reasons justify the combination of Lost Cause and Lederhosen that drives this work, but their shared identification as distinct, unreconstructed, and therefore exceptional in comparison to their larger national cultures fostered a sense of entitlement to a desirable future that made everyday white Bavarians and white Southerners more susceptible to the pervasive segregationist ideology of the Interwar Era. During the years of 1919 to 1939, everyday white Southerners and Bavarians clung to their perceived uniqueness, believing it provided them the advantages necessary to achieve their desired future. Both Hitler and Jim Crow unearths a transnational system of future expectations that everyday whites passionately internalized that provided the basis for forming, maintaining, and advancing racist cultures predicated on exclusion, oppression, and violence. This dissertation explores the formation, nature, manipulation, and consequences of these expectations as they existed individually in the U.S. South and Bavaria. While each phase of these expectations differed in their specifics, everyday white expectations in both the U.S. South and Bavaria ultimately supported conceptions of tradition, privilege, and entitlement that operated at the foundation of the everyday enforcement and promotion of Jim Crow and the Third Reich. This work ultimately contends that everyday whites in Bavaria and the U.S. South of the Interwar Era adopted intense expectations for stable futures that left them susceptible to white supremacist messaging and nationalist politicians who mobilized these expectations to advance their own agendas, agendas that radicalized beyond bifurcated racial societies. Nonetheless, in trading their common decency in exchange for attaining a stable and privileged future, everyday whites made themselves complicit in vast systems of systemic inequality and unprecedented brutality.