The climatic conditions of the southeastern U.S. may allow multiple cropping systems of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to be a sustainable approach toward crop production. Field trials were conducted to determine the most effective cropping systems to maximize wheat and peanut yield potential, evaluate their economic viability and to establish an effective post-emergence herbicide program for the relay-intercropped (RI) treatments. Cropping systems included main-plot variations of double-crop (DC), (RI) and monocrop (MC) management. The DC treatments exhibited higher peanut and wheat yields compared to the RI systems. Sufficient weed control was attained across all treatments. Income above variable cost for the DC ($938 to $2577/ha) systems exceeded the potential of RI ($408 to $1537/ha) and most MC ($36 to $1922/ha) treatments in most years. Growers interested in producing peanuts and wheat in the same year would be at an advantage to use a DC system.