Heirloom wilderness: integrating culture and wilderness at the Beuham Orchard, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore

National Park Service (NPS) wilderness and cultural landscape management policies were developed separately for geographic areas that reflect dichotomousvalues. When wilderness and cultural landscapes occur in the same place, management of one can inhibit that of the other. This thesis evaluates the historical contexts, laws, and policies that guide current NPS wilderness and cultural landscape management to determine factors that inhibit integrating management. Goals, objectives, and tactics that address those factors are derived from case studies and organized into a projective management design framework. This thesis applies the framework to the Beuham Orchard on North Manitou Island, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, proposing tactics for integrating NPS cultural landscape and wilderness management to convey the values of both wilderness and culture within the site.