This poststructural analysis used Foucault's theories of genealogy and governmentality to examine the discourse of scientifically based research in education as it is produced, maintained, and regulated within the federal government, the National Research Council, and the American Educational Research Association in order to demonstrate that it functioned as a regime of truth. The analysis further demonstrated that there were significant discontinuities in the discourse of scientifically based research that unraveled its history and revealed it as a construct rather than as the truth of high quality science in educational research.